Person-Centered Practices in Assisted Living (PC-PAL), Resident and Staff Forms
Overview
- Purpose
- Evaluation of person-centered practices
- Respondents
- Proxy
- Person with a Disability
- Administration Method
- Survey
- Administration Mode
- In-person
- Developer
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) and the Center for Excellence in Assisted Living (CEAL) Collaborative
- Item Count
- 177
- Population
- Age Related Disability
Instrument Citation(s)
UNC-CEAL Collaborative. (2014). Toolkit for Person-Centeredness in Assisted Living: Informational guide
and questionnaires of person-centered practice in assisted living (PC-PAL). http://www.shepscenter.unc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Person-Centered-Toolkit-for-Assisted-Living-Final.pdf 
Instrument Domains
| Domain | Number of Items |
|---|---|
| Caregiver Support | 6 |
| Family caregiver/natural support involvement | 4 |
| Family caregiver/natural support wellbeing | 2 |
| Access to resources | 0 |
| Training and skill-building | 0 |
| Choice and Control | 19 |
| Personal freedoms and dignity of risk | 19 |
| Choice of services and supports | 0 |
| Personal choices and goals | 0 |
| Self-direction | 0 |
| Community Inclusion | 21 |
| Meaningful activity | 11 |
| Resources and settings to facilitate inclusion | 4 |
| Social connectedness and relationships | 6 |
| Transportation | 2 |
| Employment | 0 |
| Consumer Leadership in System Development | 2 |
| System supports meaningful consumer involvement | 2 |
| Evidence of meaningful caregiver involvement | 0 |
| Evidence of meaningful consumer involvement | 0 |
| Holistic Health and Functioning | 6 |
| Individual health and functioning | 6 |
| Health promotion and prevention | 0 |
| Human and Legal Rights | 9 |
| Informed decision-making | 2 |
| Optimizing the preservation of legal and human rights | 1 |
| Privacy | 6 |
| Freedom from abuse and neglect | 0 |
| Supporting individuals in exercising their human and legal rights | 0 |
| Level of Caregiver Well-Being | 1 |
| Person-Centered Planning and Coordination | 7 |
| Assessment | 4 |
| Person-centered planning | 3 |
| Coordination | 0 |
| Service Delivery and Effectiveness | 6 |
| Delivery | 1 |
| Person's needs met and goals realized | 5 |
| System Performance and Accountability | 3 |
| Data management and use | 3 |
| Evidence-based practice | 0 |
| Financing and service delivery structures | 0 |
| Workforce | 56 |
| Adequately compensated with benefits | 1 |
| Culturally competent | 1 |
| Demonstrated competencies when appropriate | 2 |
| Person-centered approach to services | 46 |
| Safety of and respect for the worker | 2 |
| Sufficient workforce numbers dispersion and availability | 2 |
| Workforce engagement and participation | 3 |
| Staff Turnover | 0 |
| Equity | 0 |
| Availability | 0 |
| Equitable access and resource allocation | 0 |
| Transparency and consistency | 0 |
| Fluctuation of Need | 0 |
Psychometric Citation
Zimmerman, S., Allen, J., Cohen, L.W., Pinkowitz, J., Reed, D., Coffey, W.O., Reed, P., Lepore, M., &
Sloane, P.D. (2015). A measure of person-centered practices in assisted living: The PC-PAL. The
Journal of Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine, 16(2), 132-137.- Type of Publication
- Peer review
- Instrument Language
- English
- Sample: Age (Mean and Range)
Resident: < 70 (15%): 70-79 (14%); 80 + (71%);
Staff: <40 (35%); 40-49 (24%); 50+ (41%)- Sample: Age Group
18-64 Years, 65+ Years
- Sample: Countries/State
United States
- Sample: Disability Type
Age Related Disability
- Sample: Gender (%male)
Resident: 27%;
Staff: 6%- Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)
Resident: 93% white;
Staff: 56% white;- Sample: Sampling Strategy
Stratified sampling
- Sample: Size
228 residents; 123 staff
- Reliability: Internal Consistency
Cronbach's Alpha for the resident version (ɑ=.96); Cronbach's Alpha for the resident version (ɑ=.96)
- Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)
Both questionnaires discriminated among residences; Both questionnaires were significantly related to the culture change
- Study design
- Cross-sectional