World Health Organization Quality of Life OLD (WHOQOL-OLD)

Overview

Purpose

Measure the quality of life of older people

Administration Method

Interview

Administration Mode

In-person

Developer

World Health Organization

Item Count

24

Population

Age Related Disability

Instrument Citation(s)

Instrument Domains

Psychometric Citations

• Power, M., Quinn, K., Schmidt, S., & the WHOQOL-OLD Group. (2005). Development of the WHOQOL-Old module. Quality of Life Research, 14, 2197-2214.

  Type of Publication

  Peer review

  Instrument Language

  Multiple Languages

  Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

  Mean=72.5 years; Range=57 to 100

  Sample: Age Group

  18-64 Years, 65+ Years

  Sample: Countries/State

  Multiple Countries

  Sample: Disability Type

  Not Reported

  Sample: Gender (%male)

  42%

  Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

  Not reported

  Sample: Sampling Strategy

  Quota sampling

  Sample: Size

  5566

  Reliability: Internal Consistency

  Cronbach's Alpha :Sensory abilities(α = .84);
  Autonomy (α = .72);
  Past, Present and Future Activities (α =.74);
  Social participation (α= .79);
  Death and Dying (α= .84);
  Intimacy (α= .88)

  Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

  Confirmatory factor analysis: CFI=0.939; RMSEA=0.052;

  Discriminate groups by age, sex, and health status

  Validity: Other Evidence

  Analysis of Differential Item Functioning for gender, age group, health status, or centre

  Study design

  Cross-sectional

• Peel, N.M, Bartlett, H.P., & Marshall, A.L. (2007). Measuring quality of life in older people: Reliability and validity of the WHOQOL-OLD. Australiasian Journal on Ageing, 26(4), 162-167.

  Type of Publication

  Peer review

  Instrument Language

  English

  Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

  65–69 years 34 (45.9%)
  70–74 years 18 (24.3%)
  75–79 years 17 (23.0%)
  80 years and older 5 (6.8%)

  Sample: Age Group

  65+ Years

  Sample: Countries/State

  Australia

  Sample: Disability Type

  Not Reported

  Sample: Gender (%male)

  38%

  Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

  Not reported

  Sample: Sampling Strategy

  Random sampling

  Sample: Size

  74

  Reliability: Internal Consistency

  Cronbach's Alpha for overall (α=.84); sensory abilities (α = .90);
  Autonomy (α = .74); Past, Present and Future Activities (α = .75);
  Social participation (α= .61);
  Death and Dying (α= .74);
  Intimacy (α= .93)

  Reliability: Test-retest

  Overall correlations coefficient(r = .91); Overall correlations coefficient for specific domains ranged from .72 to .95

  Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

  Pearson r correlations with other measures (r= -.49 to .43)

  Study design

  Cross-sectional

• Fang, J., Power, M., Lin, Y., Zhang, J., Hao, Y., Chatterji, S. (2011). Development of short versions for the WHOQOL-OLD module. Gerontologist, 52, 66–78

  Type of Publication

  Peer review

  Instrument Language

  Not Reported

  Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

  <80 (78%) for the developmental sample;
  <80 (80%) for the validation sample

  Sample: Age Group

  65+ Years

  Sample: Countries/State

  Multiple Countries

  Sample: Disability Type

  Age Related Disability, Other

  Sample: Gender (%male)

  developmental sample=42%; validation sample = 41%

  Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

  Not reported

  Sample: Sampling Strategy

  Simple Random Sample

  Sample: Size

  5566

  Reliability: Internal Consistency

  Cronbach's Alpha for three versions overall (α=.681, .678, .649)

  Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

  Confirmatory factor analysis: CFI = 0.936; NNFI = 0.925, RMSEA = 0.051, SRMR = 0.043;
  Discriminate gender, age groups, and health and non-health old

  Validity: Criterion Validity (Concurrent and Predictive)

  Correlation coefficients with WHOQOL-OLD and BREF (r=45 to .80). all r-squared values greater than .58

  Study design

  Cross-sectional

• Liu, R., Shaomin,W., Hao, Y., Gu, J., Fang,J., & Cai, N. (2013). The Chinese version of the world health organization quality of life instrument-older adults module (WHOQOL-OLD): Psychometric evaluation
  Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 11, 156-163

  Type of Publication

  Peer review

  Instrument Language

  Chinese

  Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

  Mean =69.38 years

  Sample: Age Group

  65+ Years

  Sample: Countries/State

  China

  Sample: Disability Type

  Age Related Disability, Other

  Sample: Gender (%male)

  50%

  Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

  Not Reported

  Sample: Sampling Strategy

  quota sampling

  Sample: Size

  1050

  Reliability: Internal Consistency

  Cronbach's Alpha overall (α=.892); Sensory ability =0.84;
  Autonomy (α =0.712);
  Past, present and future activities (α =0.756);
  Social participation(α =0.711);
  Death and dying (α= 0.839);
  Intimacy(α = 0.817);

  Reliability: Test-retest

  ICC (r = .875)

  Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

  Confirmatory factor analysis: RMSEA = 0.084, NFI = 0.94, NNFI = 0.94, CFI = 0.95, GFI= 0.86;

  correlation coefficients between domain scores of WHOQOLOLD and those of WHOQOL-BREF ranged from 0.153 to 0.541;

  Discriminating healthy and unhealthy groups

  Validity: Content Validity (e.g., Expert Judgement)

  correlation coefficients between items and their hypothesized domains were higher than those with other domains.

  Study design

  Cross-sectional

• González-Celis, A. L., & Gómez-Benito, J. (2013). Quality of Life in the Elderly: Psychometric Properties of the WHOQ- OL-OLD Module in Mexico. Health, 5(12A), 110-116.

  Type of Publication

  Peer review

  Instrument Language

  Spanish

  Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

  Mean=69.26 years

  Sample: Age Group

  65+ Years

  Sample: Countries/State

  Mexico

  Sample: Disability Type

  Age Related Disability, Other

  Sample: Gender (%male)

  32%

  Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

  Not Reported

  Sample: Sampling Strategy

  Not Reported/Unknown

  Sample: Size

  285

  Reliability: Internal Consistency

  Cronbach's Alpha overall (α=.88); Sensory Abilities (α=0.78);
  Autonomy(α =0.56);
  Past/Present/Future Activities(α =0.75);
  Social Participation(α =0.79);
  Death and Dying(α =0.83)
  Intimacy (α =0.85);

  Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

  Exploratory factor analysis resulted in six factors with factor loadings >.30;

  correlated positively with the DQOL (r = 0.159, p < 0.032), and negatively with both the BDI (r = −0.516, p < 0.034) and the GDS (r = −0.336, p < 0.002).

  Discriminated groups by self-perceived health status, educational level, and gender.

  Study design

  Cross-Sectional