Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI)

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Overview

Purpose
Measure the stresses experienced by caregivers of people with dementia
Respondent
Caregiver
Administration Methods
  • Survey
  • Interview
Administration Modes
  • In-person
  • Mail
Developer
Zarit
Item Count
22
Population
Age Related Disability

Instrument Citation(s)

Zarit Burden Interview (29 items). Zarit, S.H., Reever, K.E., & Bach-Peterson, J. (1980). Relatives of the
impaired elderly: Correlates of feelings of burden. The Gerontologist, 20(6), 649-655.

Zarit Burden Interview (22 items). file:///C:/Users/erick100/Downloads/ZBI-22_AU1.0_eng-USori_ReviewCopy.pdf

Zarit Burden Interview (12 items). https://c.ymcdn.com/sites/aahcm.site-ym.com/resource/resmgr/frontiers/ZBI-12_Form.pdf PDF

Instrument Domains

DomainNumber of Items
Caregiver Support2
Family caregiver/natural support involvement2
Access to resources0
Family caregiver/natural support wellbeing0
Training and skill-building0
Level of Caregiver Well-Being19
Choice and Control0
Choice of services and supports0
Personal choices and goals0
Personal freedoms and dignity of risk0
Self-direction0
Community Inclusion0
Employment0
Meaningful activity0
Resources and settings to facilitate inclusion0
Social connectedness and relationships0
Transportation0
Consumer Leadership in System Development0
Evidence of meaningful caregiver involvement0
Evidence of meaningful consumer involvement0
System supports meaningful consumer involvement0
Equity0
Availability0
Equitable access and resource allocation0
Transparency and consistency0
Fluctuation of Need0
Holistic Health and Functioning0
Health promotion and prevention0
Individual health and functioning0
Human and Legal Rights0
Freedom from abuse and neglect0
Informed decision-making0
Optimizing the preservation of legal and human rights0
Privacy0
Supporting individuals in exercising their human and legal rights0
Person-Centered Planning and Coordination0
Assessment0
Coordination0
Person-centered planning0
Service Delivery and Effectiveness0
Delivery0
Person's needs met and goals realized0
System Performance and Accountability0
Data management and use0
Evidence-based practice0
Financing and service delivery structures0
Workforce0
Adequately compensated with benefits0
Culturally competent0
Demonstrated competencies when appropriate0
Person-centered approach to services0
Safety of and respect for the worker0
Staff Turnover0
Sufficient workforce numbers dispersion and availability0
Workforce engagement and participation0

Psychometric Citations

  • Seng, G.K., Luo, N., Ng, W.Y., Lim, J. Chionh, H.L., Goh, J., & Yap, P. (2010). Validity and reliability of the
    Zarit Burden Interview in assessing caregiving burden. Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore,
    39, 758-763.

    Type of Publication
    Peer review
    Instrument Language
    English
    Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

    Mean=50.1 years

    Sample: Age Group

    18-64 Years

    Sample: Countries/State

    Singapore

    Sample: Disability Type

    N/A

    Sample: Gender (%male)

    32%

    Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

    95% Chinese

    Sample: Sampling Strategy

    Convenience Sample

    Sample: Size

    246

    Reliability: Internal Consistency

    Cronbach's Alpha overall (α=0.93)

    Reliability: Test-retest

    ICC (r= .89)

    Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

    High correlations with other measures (r = .53 to .73)

    Study design
    Cross-sectional

  • Lai, D.W. (2007). Validation of the Zarit Burden Interview for Chinese Canadian Caregivers. Social Work
    Research, 31(1), 45-53.

    Type of Publication
    Peer review
    Instrument Language
    Chinese
    Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

    18 - 34 (19%);
    35 - 54 (55%):
    > 55 (26%)

    Sample: Age Group

    18-64 Years

    Sample: Countries/State

    Canada

    Sample: Disability Type

    N/A

    Sample: Gender (%male)

    34%

    Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

    ethnic Chinese

    Sample: Sampling Strategy

    Random sampling

    Sample: Size

    339

    Reliability: Internal Consistency

    Cronbach's Alpha for Sacrifice and strain(α = .88);
    Cronbach's Alpha for Inadequacy (α=.88);
    Cronbach's Alpha for Embarrassment/Anger(α = .72);
    Cronbach's Alpha for Dependency = .67;
    Cronbach's Alpha for Loss of control = .70

    Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

    Confirmatory factor analysis of the five-factor model: χ2/df ratio = 4.08; RMSEA = .09; NNFI = .92; NFI = .92; CFI = .093

    Study design
    Cross-sectional

  • Bedard, M., Molloy, D.W., Squire, L., Dubois, S., Lever, J.A., & O’Donnell, M. (2001). The Zarit Burden
    Interview: A new short version and screening version. The Gerontologist, 41(5), 652-657.

    Type of Publication
    Peer review
    Instrument Language
    English
    Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

    Mean=61.01 years

    Sample: Age Group

    18-64 Years, 65+ Years

    Sample: Countries/State

    United States

    Sample: Disability Type

    N/A

    Sample: Gender (%male)

    Not Reported

    Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

    Not Reported

    Sample: Sampling Strategy

    Convenience Sample

    Sample: Size

    413

    Reliability: Internal Consistency

    Cronbach's Alpha for the short version,
    personal strain factor(α = 0.89);
    role strain factor(α= 0.77)

    Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

    Factor analysis resulted in two factors explaining 50% of the variance

    Validity: Criterion Validity (Concurrent and Predictive)

    Correlations between the short version and the full version varied from 0.92 to 0.97 depending on the combination of diagnosis and time.

    Study design
    Cross-sectional

  • Ballesteros, J., Sasntos, B., Gonzalez-Fraile, E., Munoz-Hermoso, P., Dominguez-Panchon, A.I., & Martin-Carrasco, M. (2012). Unidimensional 12-item Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview for the assessment of dementia caregivers’ burden obtained by item response theory. Value in Health, 15, 1141-1147.

    Type of Publication
    Peer review
    Instrument Language
    Spanish and Portuguese
    Sample: Age (Mean and Range)

    Mean=62.2 years

    Sample: Age Group

    18-64 Years, 65+ Years

    Sample: Countries/State

    Spain

    Sample: Disability Type

    Age Related Disability

    Sample: Gender (%male)

    23%

    Sample: Race/Ethnicity (%)

    Not Reported

    Sample: Sampling Strategy

    Random sampling

    Sample: Size

    241

    Reliability: Internal Consistency

    Cronbach's Alpha (α=0.89)

    Validity: Construct (Convergent and Discriminant)

    Confirmatory factor analysis of a unidimensional latent structure: CFI=0.975; RMSEA =0.067

    Study design
    Cross-sectional